فصلنامه آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 7، پاییز 1387)

Influenza virus is the cause of cell death in animal and human tissues. Cell death can take place in the form of necrosis or apoptosis. In this study, the type of cell death in the pancreatic tissue of chickens infected by H9N2 serotype of influenza virus (A/chicken/Iran/772/2000) is experimentally investigated. In the present study, 20 SPF chickens with the age of 3- weeks were randomly allocated to two equal groups. The first group was infected with 0.2 ml of 1:10 dilution and 107.5 EID50 titer of the virus and the second group with equal volume of normal saline solution intranasaly. After 72 hours, specimens were collected from the pancreatic tissue and 5 μm thick microscopic sections were prepared from specimens fixed in 10% buffered formalin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Histopathological examination of the pancreatic tissue revealed that there was significant difference in the mean number of apoptotic and necrotic cells between the control and treatment groups (p

Low-level helium neon laser has many applications due to its photobiostimulatory effects. Although the therapeutic effects of low-level laser radiation of different wavelengths and doses are well known, but the exact mechanism of action of the laser radiation on living cells is not yet determined. The present study is designed to evaluate the photobiological effects of 2 mw helium neon laser with wavelength of 632.8 nm on hematologic and biochemical factors of rabbit blood for this purpose, 30 male New Zealand white rabbits with the body weight of 1/5-2 kg were randomly allocated into two groups of control and laser treatment. Animals of both groups were anesthetized and those of laser treatment group were subjected to irradiation with helium neon laser at a wavelength of 632.8 nm and output 2 mw for 30 minutes. Finally blood samples were collected from all animals and the biochemical and hematologic factors evaluated. Significant difference (p

Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis is one of the most important diseases of the bovine digestive system which if diagnosed in early stage and before severe adhesions develop, more effective treatments leading to better prognosis could be under taken. In the course of accurate and timely diagnosis of these diseases, acute phase proteins of the affected animals were evaluated. For this purpose, blood samples were taken form jugular vein of 25 Holstein cows in which the presence of disease clinically and confirmed with laparatomy and their sera separated. Blood sample were also collected from 20 healthy cows as the control group. After preparing serum sample, total protein haptoglobin, serum amyloid A and ceruloplasmin were measured in both groups. Total protein was determined by the Biuret method, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A by ELISA and ceruloplasmin through determination of the oxidative activity. Statistical analysis indicated significant difference in the amounts of total protein, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A between the two groups (p

Chloramphenicol is classified as a broad spectrum veterinary drugs used to treat pulmonary infections in the poultry industry. Even relatively low levels of chloramphenicol residues may give rice to an irreversible type of bone marrow depression leading eventually to anaplastic anemia. This study was conducted with the aim of chicken meat. Chloramphenicol concentraction was measured by enzyme (ELISA) in 140 chicken meat samples (thigh muscles) presented to the consumption market of isfahan city. In 25 of the 140 evaluated samples (17.9%), presence of chloramephnicol residues was detected in concentrations rouging form 14 to 311 ng/kg with a mean ±standard deviation of 97.9 ±17.7 ng/kg. the results of chloramphenicol residues were low in the samples but this drug is still being used in the poultry industry and this can be a risk to public health.

The object of this study was to evaluate the independent effect different concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate (2.4 & 4.8 mmol/ml) and estradiol (20&400 pg/ml) on the functions phagocytosis and Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test or respiratory burst of isolated ovine neutrophils in vitro. Isolated neutrophils of sheep were incubated for one hour in room temperature with the previously treatments. The study consisted of 7 treatments in 5 replicates and both phagocytosis and NBT tests of tests were performed in every treatment. The Results of this study indicated that 2.4 & 4.8 mmol/ml concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate and estrodiol concentrations of 20 & 400 pg/ml significantly (p

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three concentration of citric acid on motility patterns of bovine epididymal sperms. For this purpose, 50 pairs of bovine testicles were collected immediately after slaughter form urmia abattoir and transferred to the laboratory alongside 5oc ice pack. Epididymal tail sperms were collected with a few incisions in vascular areas and transferred to hams f10 milieu with 10% fetal calf serum and counted after 15 minutes of incubation at 37oc in Co2 incubator. Concentrations of 50 million sperms per ml were proposal and in the normal sperm pH rang of 6.7-7.4, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 normal concentration of citric acid were added to sperm continuity micro tubes (normal concentration of acid equals 7 mg/ml of bovine serum) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 360 minutes the motility patterns of epididymal sperms were evaluated using the computer assisted sperms analyzing (CASA) method. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA using the SPSS 15 software. The results indicated significant differences in various indices of sperm motility patterns (Curvilinear Velocity, Straight-line Velocity, Average Path Velocity, Mean Angel Degree, Amplitude of Lateral Head Displacement, Beat-Cross Frequency, Linearity, Wobble) particularly at 0.3 normal concentration of citric acid compared with the control.

Induction of safe anesthesia is an important task in veterinary medicine. One of the drugs used for anesthesia is Propofol. In this study, five healthy German shepherd dogs were selected and standard echocardiographic procedure from the right parasternal axis view conducted to observe the aorta and aortic inlet in B-mode and M-mode display formats before and after anesthesia with 6 mg/kg of Propofol. In the short axis view, the dorso-ventral and transverse diameter of the aorta in B-mode display and in the long axis view, the systolic and diastolic diameter of the aortic inlet in M-mode display were measured. The average dorso-ventral and transverse diameter of aorta in normal dogs was 22.77±1.49 mm and 20.75± 1.34 mm respectively while in anesthetized dogs these figures were 22.02±0.87 mm and 20.64±1.19 mm respectively which were not significantly different from normal dogs. However, the mean diameter of aorta inlet in M-mode display during systole and diastole was 15.62±0.84 mm and 15.31±0.68 mm respectively in normal dogs and for anesthetized animals these figures were 21.60±1.23 mm during systole and 19.70±0.68 mm during diastole which were significantly different compared with the normal dogs.

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. High blood cholesterol affects the general health and increases the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases. High levels of cholesterol in the diet increases LDL levels and decreases the activity of LDL receptors in the liver. Oxidation of vascular LDL lipoproteins increases the development of atherosclerosis. Previous studies have indicated that consumption of antioxidants decreases hypercholesterolemia. This study evaluates the effect of vitamin E supplementation on blood lipid levels in high cholesterol-fed rats. In this experimental study, three groups of male rats (n=10 for each group) were used. The control group received basic diet and one of the other two groups received a diet containing one percent cholesterol and while the other received the same diet plus vitamin E supplement (2500 IU/kg in dry matter of the diet) for one month. After determining the values of TC, LDL, VLDL, HDL and TG the results indicated that in rats fed with 1% cholesterol apart from HDL and VLDL the other lipids had increased significantly compared with the control group (p

Valproic acid is a fatty acid with antiseizure. Currently the salts of valproic acid are used to treat seizure, bipolar disorders and to prevent migraine in human and animals. Valproate sodium inhibits repetitive bursting action potentials of cells. Furthermore it has been shown that high concentrations of valproate can increase potassium transmission across cellular membranes while in low concentrations it can lead to cellular hyperpolarisation. Considering that there are Na and K channels on the surface of cardiomyocytes, it is probable that sodium valproate can affect these channels as well. Therefore in the present study it was attempted to investigate the effect of orally administered sodium valproate on alterations in the electrocardiogram of the cat. In this experimental study, 8 domestic short hair male cats that were selected randomly were used. valproate sodium was administered orally to all animals at the dose of 50 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks and the electrocardiogram was recorded at days 0 ( prior to drug administration) , 7, 14 and 21 during drug administration in lead II. Heart rate (HR) , P wave duration (PD) , P wave amplitude ( PA) , PR interval (PR- interval), QRS duration( QRS D), R amplitude (RA), ST segment ( ST seg.) and QT interval( QT int.) were evaluated from the electrocardiogram. The results indicate that heart rate and R amplitude(RA) at days 7, 14 and 21 had significantly increased and decreased respectively compared with day 0 (P≤0.05) . These results revealed that valproic acid induces sinus tachycardia in the cat. It is evident from this finding together with the decrease in R wave amplitude that this drug has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects and it seems that through these effects it may bring about proarrythmic effect in the cat.